Children as Writers Issues Relating to Effective Teaching of Writing Free Essay Example, 3750 words

And other organisational features are used by writers in their pursuit to communicate ideas, which are not the case with speakers whose reliance is on context, facial expressions, and pauses 200, p. It has been a pursuit of the new Primary Framework that the literacy of children is ensured alongside effective means on how to make children writers. The creation of children writers and the specified processes that goes with it is said to heighten the standard of school curricula aiming to raise the writing and language skills of children. As this paper is concerned with how children develop as writers, it is important to include the stages involved in this process and the issues relating to the effective teaching of writing. The key to this development is the ability of the teacher to support young writers since writing demands reflection and restructuring of ideas in a relatively abstract form even at the simplest level 200, p. There is a sequence in which children writers must build around, enabling them to concentrate on certain aspects of writing without the teacher’s need of dealing with all the others simultaneously, allowing each to work effectively towards independent writing. We will write a custom essay sample on Children as Writers: Issues Relating to Effective Teaching of Writing or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In this paper, these issues are relevant support and independent writing, effective writing, and concreteness and abstract character of writing. It is often a great concern that independent writing should proceed when children finally learned the what’s and how’s in writing. However, doing this is not an outright activity that children can learn in a short pace. Independent writing, apart from shared writing, is advocated by teachers and schools, enabling children to translate their ideas through usage of grammatical structures and other organisational features in their own means and terms. However, doing this alone seems a problem on the part of the child if relevant support is lacking and is thus resolved through the presence of this support. The National Literacy Strategy outlines specific procedures in the provision of relevant support to children as writers. Independent learning is thus not separate from providing relevant support by the teacher, but should rather be initialised through it. With relevant support, the teacher enables children to keep the story in their heads, in which a clear sense of the overall text is viewed, as well as how it should be ended. The style and

Business Ethics And Practices Of Goldman Sachs - 3814 Words

Assignment 1 Q1 – What was up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray. Go back through the case; make a list of each action/ practice that could be called a gray area. The problems to be investigated are the business ethics and practices of Goldman Sachs. There were several grey areas in which Goldman Sachs operated their business. Ethical Grey areas are situations and problems that don’t fit neatly into any existing mode of ethical analysis within the business (Marshall, 2007). Peter Drucker’s interpretation of business ethics is that personal ethics and business ethics cannot be separated. He uses the example of businessmen should not cheat, steal, lie, bribe, or take bribes. But nor should anyone else. He also mentioned that â€Å"men and women don’t acquire exemption from ordinary rules of personal behavior because of their work or job† (Drucker, 1986). The first grey area was Goldman Sachs using a technique called â€Å"layering†. Goldman would start a company and used their own money to buy 90% of the shares. The public would see how the stocks were selling so quickly and wanted a piece of the pie. The public were unaware that Goldman was buying their own stocks and then continuously increasing the price of the stock and selling it back at the higher price. Goldman saw how well this was working and decided to continue with this practice. He started new companies and followed the same formula as before, making bags of money, while investors had no ideaShow MoreRelatedEthical Problems Faced By The Wells Fargo Case Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesemployees engaged in illegal practices. Some of the problem include: I. Saying things you know are not true: Goldman’s analysts said many things that were not true to investors including saying that a security was a good investment when indeed it was not. II. Giving or allowing false impressions: Goldman’s layering strategy allowed the false impression that the stock price of the investment firms had increased or that the stock was very popular and wanted, but in fact, Goldman bought 90 percent of theRead MoreCase Study: What Is Up with Wall Street? the Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray1911 Words   |  8 PagesNORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Demetrice S. Campbell | | MGT7019-8 | Douglas Buck | | | Ethics in Business | #3 Paper- Case study: What is Up With Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray | | | Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor. The known submission of another person’s work representedRead MoreKohlberg s Six Stages Of Moral Development1575 Words   |  7 Pages1. Goldman Sachs should have been punished for its behavior in the years leading up to the financial crisis. Goldman ended up settling with the federal government for $110 Billion, which I do not believe was sufficient based on the magnitude of problems created. This amount should have been much larger, and at minimum they should have forfeited the $14 Billion paid to them by AIG. (Inside Job, 2011) In addition, AIG should have had the right to sue Goldman Sachs for fraud. It was in the public’sRead MoreEthics in Accounting1196 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in Accounting By Pace University – New York Accounting for Decision Making, MBA 640 Fall 2011 Required Research Paper Page 1 of 11 Table of Contents Number Content Page Number 1 Introduction 3 2 Ethics in Accounting 4 3 Enron Scandal 6 4 Satyam Scandal 8 5 Conclusion 10 6 References 11 Page 2 of 11 Introduction †¢ What is â€Å"Ethics†? Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy that addresses questionsRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of A Business Leader1268 Words   |  6 PagesA business leader is seen as an influential and ethical authority figure. This ideal notion of a business leader is not always demonstrated. There are many business leaders that engage in unethical behaviors. â€Å"Ethical issues arise in every organization and throughout operations† (Collins, 2009, p. 13). Business leaders run into ethical dilemmas every day and it is up to them to make the best decision possible for the organization. Being ethical is not always easy to do in business. There are businessRead MoreWhat is up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray1881 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray Introduction The problem to be investigated is the application of business ethics. In the business world, ethics are extremely important. Ethics are prime elements that help a business to grow and to become more productive. It is by applying proper business ethics that a business can operate in a moral or ethical business environment and managed to conduct all activities in a manner that maximizes profits while not compromisingRead MoreShades of Gray (Ethical Behavior) Essay1783 Words   |  8 Pagesdisplayed very questionable behavior. Companies like Goldman and Sachs utilizing questionable trading techniques in order to gain a financial profit while leaving behind companies in the dust and eliminating hundreds if not thousands of jobs in the process. Ethics is more than doing what’s right or wrong. It’s a way of life and how we can have an effect on others. Question 1: Go back through the case and make a list of each action or practice that could be called a gray area. The Layering Strategy:Read MoreInside Job1673 Words   |  7 Pages ID NUMBER :05048569 INSIDE JOB: Inside Job  is a 2010  documentary film about the  late 2000’s financial crisis  . The film is in five parts the film explores how changes in the policy environment and banking practices helped create the financial crisis. The movie starts with showing the Iceland bank where it all started from the land scape is shown green and fresh but then as the corporations moves into the country it becomes muddy and dry land with pollutionRead MoreEthical Dilemma in Consulting Essays1406 Words   |  6 PagesEthics in Consulting Ethics dilemmas in consulting Ethics has become an important topic in business today with good reason. Just look at the headlines: Rajat Gupta Scandal, Anil Kumar and Rajaratnam scandal, Enron, Worldcom, Health South, Great depression, financial crisis due to unethical behaviour by the banks etc. All of these cases are related to consultants either directly or indirectly and they occurred due to the moral fallacy of some of them. Ethics is an extremely relevant value inRead MoreThe Enron And Enron s Scams, The Ponzi Scheme Perpetrated By Bernard Madoff Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesBernard Madoff s, the latest accusations of Goldman Sachs tricking option traders to guarantee the company s personal profit. Incidents such as these designed us all, as upcoming corporation professionals as well as market leaders, think about ethics and its particular function in the commercial world (Gross, 2010.) Organization integrity can be a principle associated with comprehending what s morally appropriate and/or allowable on the job. Ethics by itself is really a relative idea: everything

Role of superior court judges Essay Example For Students

Role of superior court judges Essay Law is one part of a set of processes, social, political, economic and cultural, which shape and direct the development of society. Like all other mechanisms the law seeks to govern human behaviour. The Irish law system belongs to common law systems established in England by the Norman’s. This type of law responded to actual rather than anticipated problems. In contrast the law in the civil system is contained in comprehensive codes which are enacted by legislators and which attempt to provide for every legal contingency. Case law or ‘la jurisprudence’ has lesser significance and lacks the quality of enjoying in the force of law. Sources of law include Common law, Legislation, Constitution, E.C law, Custom, Canon and international. The courts currently in operation are the District, Circuit, High, Special Criminal, Court of Criminal appeal and the Supreme Court. In the Constitution Articles 34 to37which are headed ‘The Courts’ provide a broad outline regarding the structure of the court system and in terms of legal validity whatever structures exist must conform to the basic framework established by the Constitution. Article 34.1states that ‘justice shall be administered in courts established by law by Judges appointed in the manner provided by this Constitution, and, save in such special and limited cases as prescribed by the law, shall be administered in public’. This signifies that the Irish Constitution has adopted the principle that the administration of justice must be assigned to a separate arm of government, in accordance with the doctrine of the separation of powers which wa s central to the American and French revolutions of the eighteenth century. The significant feature of Articles 34 to 36 of the Constitution is that they refer specifically to the High Court and Supreme Court. By mentioning these it has shown that these courts have special status. These courts are the highest courts in the land with the Supreme Court being the court of final appeal. Up until 1961 the courts in operation were ‘transitory’ courts under Article 58 of the Constitution. After the stateKillian versus Minister for Finance1954 IR207the courtsestablishment and Constitutionact 1961 was passed to regularize the position and ‘establish’ the court system envisaged by Article 34.1. This system remains in existence today and is where Judges operate under. Under the Constitution the judicial function is the third organ of government and consists of the interpretation of the Constitution and the law and its application by rule or discretion to disputes which arise between the State and the individual, and between individual and another individual. Justice is to be administered in courts, established by statute law, by judges appointed in the manner prescribed in the Constitution (Article. 34)The President appoints judges of the ordinary courts. A judge cannot be a member of the Oireachtas, or hold any other position of emolument (Articl e. 35) and on appointment makes a constitutional declaration to ‘duly and faithfully and to the best of his knowledge and power execute the office without fear or favour, affection or ill-will towards any man, and that he will uphold the Constitution and the laws.’ Should this declaration not be made within ten days of entering office, a judge is considered to have vacated that office (Article. 34). The appointment of a judge on the advice of the Government is not one of presidential discretion, but is a function which, in conformity with Article 13.9, is to be performed ‘only on the advice of the Government’. The appointment of a judge, as Finlay P. said in The State (Walshe) V. Murphy is an act ‘requiring the President’s intervention for its effectiveness in law, (but) in fact (it is) the decision and act of the Executive’. This means that any attempt to change the system of appointment by ordinary legislation – by, e.g., requiring the consent of both Houses of the Oireachtas – would probably be unconstitutional in as much as it trenched on a constitutional right of the Executive. In The State (Killian) V. Minister for Justice, the Supreme Court accepted that the judges whose appointment was envisaged by this section were judges of the courts contemplated by Article. 34, i.e., courts which in 1937 were yet to be established. When these were eventually set up in 1961, by the Courts (Established and Constitution) Act of that year, the courts established by the Courts of Justice Act, 1924, and continued in their jurisdictions by the transitory provisions of Article 58., were extinguished. The judges of the old courts, however, were maintained in the equivalent ‘new’ judicial offices, by virtue of the special ‘new’ judicial offices, by virtue of the special provisions of sub-sections 5, 17 and 29 of the Courts (Supplement Provisions) Act 1961. As these were technically fresh appointments, fresh declarations under Article 34.5 had to be made. Under the ‘Courts and Court Officers Act, 1995’, it states that a body of people, who identify and inform the government of the suitability of the people who are to be appointed to a judicial office. This body is known as the Judicial Appointments Advisory Board. The Chief Justice, who is chairperson of the boardThe President of the Circuit CourtA practicing barrister, who is nominated by the Chairperson of the Board and of the Council of the Bar of IrelandA Practicing solicitor, who is nominated by the President of the Law Society of IrelandAlso no more than 3 people appointed by the Minister who are engaged in, or have knowledge or experience of commerce, finance, administration or have experience as consumers of the services provided by the courts that the Minister considers appropriateA person appointed to be a member of the Board who are a barrister or a solicitor and who are appointed by the Minister, are only allowed to be a member of the Board for not more than 3 years but they are eligible for re-appointment to the Board. The Board can act notwithstanding a vacancy an its membership. A person who wishes to be considered for appointment to judicial office shall so inform the Board in writing and shall provide the Board with such information as it may require to enable it to consider the suitability of that person for the judicial office, including information in relation to education, professional qualifications, experience and character. The Board shall where a judicial office stands vacant, or a vacancy in a judicial office arise, submit to the Minister the name of each person who wishes to be considered for appointment and shall recommend to the Minister at least seven people for the appointment to that judicial office. In advising the President in relation to the appointment of a person to a judicial office, the government shall firstly consider for appointment those people whose names have been recommended to the Minister. A notice of an appointment to judicial office shall be published in the ‘Iris Oifiguil’ and the notice shall include a statement that the name of the person was recommended by the Board to the Minister. ‘Law and Politics’ Shaping the FutureWhile law and Politics are not supposed to mix, political allengiegence and beliefs of Judges play a significant role in their appointment. The system of judicial appointment was described as â€Å"a Judicial appointment does not ‘just happen’. It is in a very real sense the finest and the most desirable appointment that the Government can make. It is a In the past, and maybe even today Judges sought to win favour of the Government by in‘State cases’ or by getting to know members of Government personally. While there was certainly a political element to judicial appointment for many years, it must be stated tough that they must have met the qualification standards and they were required to remain independent in their decisions. The system had come in for some criticism and since 1995 new arrangements have been in place which established a more transparent process for judicial appointments. This was established under the Courts and Court Officers Act 1995. An example of how this changed the system of appointments is seen in Section 16 of the Act. This provides that Judges must agree to undertake to any course of training or education required. The Gator Game EssayThe state must also remain independent from the Judiciary. An example of how the court remain independent, is the Byrne versus Ireland case in the Supreme Court which removed the states immunity from being sued. This paved the way for many more similar cases to be tried. The state can now be sued like any other body or company. Recent examples of this include the Army deafness claims. In this case one successful case paved the way for others, and the Government ended up paying large sums of money to the claimants. As a result they set up their own tribunal where they limited the amount of compensation that could be paid in each individual case. Article 35.5 of the Constitution provides: the remuneration of a Judge should not be reduced during his countaince in office. This is important, as so members of the Judiciary do not feel â€Å"obliged† to the Government as continued remuneration depended on them. In the past the Judiciary might have felt that they should make decisions that would not offend those in authority. That however has changed and can be seen in cases such as the Hepatitis C scandal and Army deafness claims. There was also a case in October of this year where Mr. Justice Peter Kelly threatened to hold three Government Ministers in contempt of court if they did not provide a suitable place of detention for a seriously disturbed seventeen year old girl according to the standards set down by him. This led to a conflict between the Government and the High Court. Cases like these show that judges no longer feel ‘obliged’ to the government. Article 35.2 states: All Judges shall be independent in the exercise of their judicial function and subject only to the Constitution and the law. In the â€Å"O’Brien V Minister of Finance† the widow of Mr. Justice John O’Brien claimed that subjecting a Judge’s conflict with Article 35.5 must be read with article 35.2. However the court held that to require a Judge to pay income tax like all other citizens could not be described as an attack on Judicial Independence. In a case a Judge may be required to be excused from the adjudicating on a matter where they have expressed a view on an issue in question. A Fundamental principal of natural justice or fair procedure is expressed by the phrase nemo judex in-causa soa, that a person may not be a judge in their own cause or in a matter in which they have an interest, whether financial or otherwise. All sides to ensure a fair procedure must have an opportunity to prepare their case and be treated in an even-handed manner. Thus in the Dublin Weel Woman Centre Versus Ireland, the Supreme Court held that the High Court Judge Carroll, ought not adjudicate in a case concerning access to information on abortion n as she had previously as Chairwoman of the second omission on the status of women, written a letter to the Taoiseach expressing the support of the commission for right to access to abortion counseling and information services speaking for the Supreme Court, Denham J pointed out that there had been n o suggestion that this letter would have resulted in any actual bias on the part of Carroll J in adjudicating the points of law at issue in the case; rather a Judge should offer to rescue himself or herself where there was even an appearance of bias.This test of appearance of bias rather then actual bias is consistent with the constitutional declaration in article 34.5.1 â€Å"to execute the judicial office without fear or favour, affection or ill-will†. This decision in Dublin Well-woman indicates the high standards of impartiality thus required. Judicial Independence in court also means that the Judge cannot be influenced by the state. This is seen where the court might force the Constitution to be amended. The Judge must be allowed to go against the state if he/she feels the state is wrong. In the Attorney General Versus X, the high court granted the Attorney General an injunction prohibiting the fourteen-year-old girl from leaving the state to have an abortion. It appeare d that in the constitution, abortion was allowed in limited circumstances, to which the Supreme Court agreed, because the right to life of the mother was at risk. In response to the X case three proposed amendments to article 40.3.3 were put to a referendum in late l992. Two of these were passed, but after eight years no legislation on abortion was brought in. Mr. Justice Niall McCarthy lambasted the Government when he described this failure as â€Å"no longer unfortunate, it is inexcusable†. This i a prime example of how Judges are independent from the state in court. Until recently it was unthinkable for a judge to give a comment about a case in which he had been involved. The view is that Judges made decisions but any implications were not matters for them as the Judiciary should stand aloof. In l992 public comments of O’Hanlon J on proposed changes in Irish law on abortion, resulted in his resigning from the position as President of the Law Reform Commission. Altho ugh it did not lead to removal of him as a judge it shows what can happen if they become embroiled publicly in cases on which they hold strong views. The Court system is very detailed and precise in that it doesn’t seem to have any loopholes. However it should have been set up by the Constitution instead of leaving it until the Courts Act in 1961. There is also a clear guideline on how Judges should be appointed which sets a very high standard of qualifications for the appointment of a Judge. However it is clear that the vacant positions are only available to a select few. There are some faults in our system such as the Minister having the power to introduce Legislation after they have been passed. This can be seen in the Attorney General versus X case mentioned previously. I believe the separation of powers is also imperfect, as all departments are interdependent. However I believe this can be a good thing that the powers i.e. legislature, executive and the judicial, are not separated as we the people, benefit from it with Justice. Bibliography:

Women Heed Stroke Warnings Better Than Men Essays - Stroke, RTT

Women Heed Stroke Warnings Better Than Men I read an article from the American Psychological Association Monitor. The article deals with women and the fact that studies show they heed stroke warnings better than men do. A stroke awareness program in central Illinois significantly increased public knowledge of stroke warning signs, but more among women than men, a team of medical researchers found. According to the article, the studys lead researcher, psychologist Wayne Dornan, PhD, believes the key to womens better performance can be found in the results of a two-year-old study, which found women fear motor impairments from stroke more than death and men fear death more than any deleterious consequence of stroke. In the more recent study, Dornan and his colleagues evaluated peoples understanding of the risk factors for stroke among residents of the twin cities of Bloomington and Normal in central Illinois before and after they implemented a five-month intensive stroke-awareness campaign. Overall, the number of people who knew at least one stroke warning signincluding weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking or understanding simple statements, and sudden blurred or decreased vision increased from 57 percent to 78 percent. But most of that increase could be accounted for by a rise in womens awareness 67 percent to 81 percent. Mens awareness barely increased at all apparently, more than half were unable to name a single stroke warning sign before and after the awareness campaign, the researchers found. The researchers obtained their data by surveying a random sample of more than 1,314 of the 100,000 residents of the twin cities before the campaign and 1,216 residents afterwards. Dornan said in the article that new time-sensitive pharmaceutical treatments for stroke have made it more imperative than ever that people recognize the symptoms of stroke and seek immediate treatment,. And another new study, noted by Doman published in an issue of Stroke suggests that the number of strokes in the United States is dramatically higher than previously estimated: 700,000 annually as opposed to the earlier estimate of 500,000. Dornans study shows that knowledge of stroke is poor, especially among men and all people ages 55 to 75, which is the age group at greatest risk for stroke. Future awareness programs should find ways to target these populations, in my opinion. Book Reports